Šume plemenitih listača (Tilio platyphylli-Acerion pseudoplatani Klika 1955) u Nacionalnom parku Plitvička jezera

master's thesis

• Title (english): Broad-leaved ravine forests (Tilio platyphylli-Acerion pseudoplatani Klika 1955) in Plitvice Lakes National Park
• Author: Matej Baneković
• Mentor: Joso Vukelić (mentor)
• Committee member: Joso Vukelić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Irena Šapić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Damir Ugarković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology; (Institute of Forest Ecology and Silviculture); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-25, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Forestry; Ecology and Silviculture

Abstract

Glavni cilj ovog istraživanja je opisati ekološke uvjete i florni sastav šuma plemenitih listača unutar Nacionalnog parka Plitvička jezera. Istraživanje je provedeno prema načelima standardne srednjoeuropske fitocenološke škole (Braun-Blanquet 1964). Šume plemenitih listača u srednjoj Europi definirane su svezom Tilio platyphylli-Acerion pseudoplatani Klika 1955, a nju karakterizira prevlast vrsta Acer pseudoplatanus, A. platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Ulmus glabra, Tilia platyphyllos i Tilia cordata u sloju drveća. Nacionalni park Plitvička jezera je najstariji i najveći nacionalni park u Hrvatskoj. Ukupna površina mu iznosi 29.630 ha, a šume i šikare obraštaju otprilike 80 %. Sastojine plemenitih listača zauzimaju male i rascjepkane površine (ukupno oko 10 ha) te dosad nisu detaljnije proučavane na tom području. Tijekom 2020. godine, unutar granica Parka, snimljeno je 16 fitocenoloških ploha koje su zadovoljile uvjete stanišnog tipa 9180* (Tilio-Acerion). U analizu je još uzeto 6 ranijih snimaka s istog područja (Vukelić i Šapić 2011, 2013). Statistički su obrađene ukupno 22 fitocenološke snimke. Napravljena je klasterska analiza koja je izdvojila dvije grupe, a za koje se u ovom radu koriste nazivi tip A i tip B. Istraživani tipovi šuma plemenitih listača se razlikuju u ekološkom i flornom smislu, a posljedica toga je izdvajanje 37 razlikovnih vrsta na temelju frekvencije ≥ 45 % i vrijednosti fidelity (ɸ) koeficijenta ≥ 50. Razlike između tipova potvrđene su prikazom biološkog spektra i analize strukture sociološke pripadnosti vrsta. Razlike u stanišnim uvjetima očitovale su se prilikom analize ekoindikatorskih vrijednosti vrsta prema Pignattiju (2005), koja je pokazala da se tip B odlikuje statistički značajno toplijim, neutrofilnijim i hranivima siromašnijim staništem. Sastojine plemenitih listača tipa A odgovaraju opisu asocijacije Cardamino polyphyllae-Aceretum pseudoplatani (Ht. 1938) P. Košir et Marinček 1999, dok su za nomenklaturno-sintaksonomsko određenje istraživanih šuma plemenitih listača tipa B potrebna opširnija istraživanja. U radu je također prikazano kartiranje sastojina plemenitih listača u Parku, koje je provedeno u sklopu projekta „Detaljno kartiranje NATURA 2000 ciljnih šumskih stanišnih tipova (9180*, 91K0, 91L0, 91M0)” (Vukelić i dr. 2020).

Abstract (english)

The main objective of this research is to describe the ecological conditions and floral composition of broad-leaved ravine forests in the Plitvice Lakes National Park. Research was done according to the standard Central European phytosociological method (Braun-Blanquet 1964). Broad-leaved ravine forests in Central Europe are defined by the alliance Tilio platyphylli-Acerion pseudoplatani Klika 1955. The alliance is characterized by the predominance of tree species Acer pseudoplatanus, A. platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Ulmus glabra, Tilia platyphyllos and Tilia cordata. Plitvice Lakes National Park is the oldest and largest national park in Croatia. Its total area is 29.630 ha and forests cover roughly 80 %. The broad-leaved ravine forests have not been studied thoroughly in the past because they occupy small area (in total cca. 10 ha) and the stands are fragmented. During 2020, 16 relevés were recorded within the boundaries of the Plitvice Lakes National Park. They were choosen because they met the conditions of the habitat type 9180* (Tilio-Acerion). 6 older relevés from the same area were also taken into account (Vukelić and Šapić 2011, 2013). A total of 22 phytosociological relevés were statistically analyzed and cluster analysis was made, which singled out two groups: type A and type B. Two found types of broad-leaved ravine forests differ in ecological and floral sense. The consequence of that is the isolation of 37 differential species based on frequency ≥ 45% and fidelity (ɸ) coefficient ≥ 50. The differences between the types were confirmed by the analysis of the biological spectrum and the sociological structure of the species. Differences in habitat conditions were evident in the analysis of ecological indicator values (EIV) of plant species according to Pignatti (2005). It showed that type B is characterized by statistically significantly warmer, neutrophilic and nutrient-poor habitat. The stands of broad-leaved ravine forests that are represented by the type A correspond to the description of the association Cardamino polyphyllae-Aceretum pseudoplatani (Ht. 1938) P. Košir et Marinček 1999. More extensive research is needed for nomenclatural-syntaxonomic determination of the investigated stands that are represented by the type B. This research also presents the mapping of broad-leaved ravine forests in the Park, which was carried out as part of the project „Detaljno kartiranje NATURA 2000 ciljnih šumskih stanišnih tipova (9180*, 91K0, 91L0, 91M0)” (Vukelić i dr. 2020).

• Keywords: stanišni tip 9180* Natura 2000; florni sastav; razlikovne vrste; ekoindikatorske vrijednosti (EIV); kartiranje vegetacije
• Keywords (english): Natura 2000 habitat type 9180*; floral composition; differential species; ecological indicator values (EIV); vegetation mapping
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:108:586221
• Study programme: Title: Forestry; department; Silviculture and Forest Management with Wildlife Management; specializations in: Silviculture and Management Planning with Wildlife Management; Course: Silviculture and Management Planning with Wildlife Management; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka šumarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka šumarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-09-23 08:43:48